The Third UN Conference on LLDCs adopted the Awaza Programme of Action for the Landlocked Developing Countries for the Decade 2024-2034 (APoA). This document represents a renewed and action-oriented ...

Trudi Hartzenberg is the Executive Director of tralac. She has a special interest in trade-related capacity building. Her research areas include trade policy issues, regional integration, investment, ...

Tafadzwa Mupingashato is an International Trade Economist with exposure in the information technology and services, energy, mining and backing sectors. He holds a Bachelor of Commerce in Economics ...

Dr. Ify Ogo is a legal economist and trade specialist. Her experience includes working as the UNDP Regional Coordination Specialist on the AfCFTA, as well as Trade Policy Expert at the African Trade ...

Gerhard Erasmus is a founder of tralac and Professor Emeritus of the Law Faculty at the University of Stellenbosch. He holds degrees from the University of the Free State, Bloemfontein (B.Iuris, LL.B) ...

Tariro Chivige is a researcher at tralac. She holds a Ph.D. in Economics and has over a decade of experience in customs and excise administration, as well as economic research. Her areas of interest ...

South Africa’s central bank sees only modest impact from US tariffs (Engineering News) South Africa’s central bank believes US tariffs will only have a modest impact on the co ...

Mercy Mugala Ng’ambi is a Standardisation and Quality-Assurance Inspector, involved in trade compliance enforcement (inspection, testing and certification). She holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Production ...

An Executive Order [1] late on 31 July brought a measure of certainty to the fast-paced and continuously evolving US trade policy, especially insofar as it relates to the country’s new tariff regime.

On April 2, a day he called “Liberation Day”, President Trump declared a national economic emergency because of the US’s deficits in trade in goods and announced “reciprocal tariffs” on goods imported ...

This report reviews on recent developments around US trade and Tariff policy, AGOA and implications for South Africa which was informed in early April 2025 – and again in July – of a potential 30% ...

The current excitement about critical minerals is driven by the rather sudden realisation, in the US, that the country has fallen far behind China in the development of critical minerals supply chains ...