A z-statistic, or z-score, measures relative discounts and relative premiums for closed-end funds. Z-scores can add context to a closed-end funds’ current discounts and premiums. For a premium, a ...

Z-scores measure how far a closed-end fund's current discount status is from its average premium or discount. Writers will often highlight the probability of a given Z-score, usually to bolster an ...

Altman's Z-score is introduced in an Excel framework to produce a quick calculation of the Z-score with actual financial data available through the Internet. The lesson plan developed is easily ...

Edward Altman, who created the Z-score method for predicting bankruptcies 50 years ago, has built on the model to assess creditworthiness of small- and medium-sized enterprises. Together with Gabriele ...

Forecasting fiscal stability in municipalities is increasingly critical as public entities face unprecedented financial challenges. Recent research has adapted Altman's renowned Z-Score model — ...

Gen Z borrowers took the biggest hit of any age group this year, helping pull overall credit scores lower in the worst year ...

Dear Dr. Roach: The results for my last bone density test show not only a T-score but also a Z-score. For my spine (L1 through L4), the T-score is -3.4, while the Z-score is -1.4. Can you please ...