A ribosome is composed of two subunits: large and small. During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules ...

Internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) are highly structured RNA elements that permit the recruitment of ribosomes for translation initiation independent of the conventional 5′-cap mechanism. Viruses ...

During translation, multiple ribosomes travel along the nucleic acid chain to build polypeptides that become functional proteins. Occasionally, these molecular decoders pause on the mRNA, either ...

Protein production (translation) is a complex process involving machinery called ribosomes. How do cells counter ribosomal destabilization leading to premature termination of translation? Scientists ...

A new technique reveals ribosome cooperativity, providing new insights into protein production. Researchers from Marvin Tanenbaum’s group at the Hubrecht Institute (Utrecht, Netherlands) have ...

Researchers have developed a new microscopy technique to observe how ribosomes function in cells. With this method, they can monitor individual ribosomes as they convert mRNA into proteins. The ...

The process of translation by ribosomes, which functions as a factory of protein synthesis, may be impeded by ‘ribosome arrest peptides’ (RAPs). However, underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

The concomitant folding of a nascent protein domain with its synthesis can generate mechanical forces that act on the ribosome and alter translation speed. Such changes in speed can affect the ...

Proteins are the key players that regulate cellular structure and function. DNA, which functions as the blueprint for protein synthesis, is first transcribed into a messenger RNA (mRNA), which is ...

ReAberrant translation initiation at non-AUG start codons is associated with cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, identifying how non-AUG translation is regulated differently from ...