A history of the calculus of variations from the 17th through the 19th century / Herman H. Goldstine
https://siris-libraries.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?&profile=liball&source=~!silibraries&uri=full=3100001~!131928~!0#focus ...
Calculus of variations provides a unifying language for problems in which the state or trajectory of a system is determined by extremising an energy or action functional. Rooted in classical mechanics ...
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