Autophagy is the process by which cells remove damaged proteins, recycle worn-out organelles (e.g., mitochondria), clear ...

Cell signaling is crucial for cells to communicate and function correctly. Disruptions in these pathways, caused by genetic mutations or environmental factors, can lead to uncontrolled cell growth, ...

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a serious and usually fatal neurodegenerative disorder in which motor neurons deteriorate and die. The disease causes a loss of movement that eventually affects ...

Signal transduction The cellular process that converts a signal, such as a hormone, growth factor, neurotransmitter, cytokine, mechanical force, or environmental cue, into biochemical changes inside ...

Mitochondrial defects are associated with the development of diseases such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies in mice and in human tissues, by researchers at the University of Michigan, have now found ...

A gene called ZNRF3, known to be involved in cancer, also messes with the mind. The human brain relies on two copies of this gene to build a correctly sized brain. If one of the copies is defective, ...

Microscopic images of cranial blood vessels show the growth of mulberry-shaped CCMs over a 21 day period in control mice (top two rows). This growth is prevented by treatment with the TIE2 inhibitor ...

Dental enamel is the hardest substance in the human body, protecting teeth from wear, temperature changes, and decay. However, enamel cannot regenerate once damaged. Inherited disorders, such as ...

A patient-derived KDF1 mutation was found to impair enamel formation by disrupting cell adhesion and Hippo-YAP signaling in ...