Pure μ-opioids (methadone, morphine, hydromorphone) provide profound analgesia and are preferred for extensive dental procedures. Partial agonists (buprenorphine) are suitable for moderate pain.

Bad breath and discolored teeth in pets are often early signs of plaque buildup and dental disease, which is why pets benefit from professional dental cleanings, just like people do. […] The post Pet ...

The field of veterinary anesthesia in exotic animals encompasses the development and refinement of anaesthetic protocols tailored to the unique physiological characteristics of non-traditional species ...